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Jasper Tudor, Duke of Bedford, Earl of Pembroke, KG (Welsh: ''Siasbar Tudur'') (c. 1431 – 21/26 December 1495) was the uncle of King Henry VII of England and the architect of his successful conquest of England and Wales in 1485.〔''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' entry: R. S. Thomas, "Tudor, Jasper was a duke of Bedford (c.1431–1495)", first published 2004〕 He was from the noble Tudor family of Penmynydd in North Wales. Jasper Tudor bore the King's arms, with the addition of a ''bordure azure with martlets or'' (that is, a blue border featuring golden martlets).〔(Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family )〕 ==Family and early life== Jasper was the second son of Owen Tudor and the former Queen Catherine of Valois, the widow of Henry V of England. He was the half-brother to Henry VI, who, on attaining his majority in 1452, named Jasper the Earl of Pembroke. Through his father, Jasper was a direct descendant of Ednyfed Fychan, Llywelyn the Great's renowned Chancellor. This connection added greatly to his status in Wales. Jasper was born at the Bishop of Ely's manor at Hatfield in Hertfordshire in 1431, his parents' second child. His older brother, Edmund, was born at Much Hadham Palace in 1430. His younger brother, Owen, was born in 1432 at Westminster Abbey, when the Dowager Queen was visiting her eldest son and her water broke prematurely, forcing her to seek the help of the Abbey's monks. According to Henry VII's personal historian Polydore Vergil, Owen was taken and raised by the monks to become a member of the order, living under the name Edward Bridgewater until his death in 1502. Vergil also mentions a daughter who became a nun, but little is known of her. Catherine's last child would be born in 1437, mere days before her own untimely death on January 3rd.〔Weir, Alison., ''Lancaster and York, the war of the roses'' (london, 1995) pg. 81.〕 After Catherine's death, Owen Tudor was arrested and sent to Newgate prison. Jasper, Edmund, and possibly their sister were put into the care of Katherine de la Pole, a nun at Barking Abbey, in Essex, from July 1437 to March 1442.〔Griffith, Ralph A. and Roger Thomas. ''The Making of the Tudor Dynasty'' (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1985), pg. 32.〕 She was the sister of William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, a great favorite of Henry VI, and was able to provide Jasper and his siblings with food, clothing, and lodging. They were also permitted servants to wait upon them as the King's half-siblings.〔Weir, Alison., ''Lancaster and York, the war of the roses'' (London, 1995) Pg. 88.〕 In 1442, their half-brother the King began to take an interest in their upbringing.〔Griffith, Ralph A. and Roger Thomas .'' The Making of the Tudor Dynasty'' (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1985), 32.〕 Sometime after March 1442, Jasper and his brother were brought to live at court. Henry arranged for the best priest to educate them intellectually and morally. The brothers also received military training, when they grew up they were given military positions.〔Weir, Alison, ''Lancaster and York, the war of the roses'' (London, 1995) Pg. 100.〕 Jasper was recognized as Henry VI’s uterine brother when he was created the Earl of Pembroke.〔Griffiths, Ralph A. and James Sherborwe, ed. '' Kings and Nobles in the Later Middle Ages. '' (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1986) 19.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jasper Tudor, Duke of Bedford」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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